Application of Pramlintide in Combination with Insulin in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61173/v62jpg34Keywords:
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, Pramlintide, InsulinAbstract
Diabetes is a common disease in current society, it can be easily found in middle-aged who have an unhealthy diet. However, only a small portion of them have the condition of T1DM, which is sometimes congenital, and related to genetic factors. One of the common symptoms of T1DM is weight loss. Pramlintide is an analog of the pancreatic β-cell hormone, Amylin. Current studies on Pramlintide focus on exploring Pramlintide’s role in improving glycemic control in T1DM. This article is limited to short-term studies on Pramlintide. This article reviews the mechanisms of T1DM, Amylin and Pramlinte and analyzes two risk factors of T1DM. Additionally, this article analyzes the current study on the role of Pramlintide in the reduction of postprandial glucose, an expected reduction of total daily Insulin dose, and expected weight loss. This paper provides longer study period and multifactorial for Pramlintide studies as a reference for future research. There are side effects problems, such as nausea, that haven’t be solved, so future research can focus on finding adjuvant drug for Pramlintide and Insulin.References
[1] Herold, K. C., Delong, T., Perdigoto, A. L., Biru, N., Brusko, T. M., & Walker, L. S. K. The immunology of type 1 diabetes. Nature Reviews. Immunology, 2024, 24(6): 435–451.
[2] Hay, D. L., Chen, S., Lutz, T. A., Parkes, D. G., & Roth, J. D. Amylin: Pharmacology, physiology, and clinical potential. Pharmacological Reviews, 2015, 67(3): 564–600.
[3] Donnor, T., & Sarkar, S. Insulin- pharmacology, therapeutic regimens and principles of intensive insulin therapy. Endotext - NCBI Bookshelf, 2023-02-15.
[4] Younk, L. M., Mikeladze, M., & Davis, S. N. Pramlintide and the treatment of diabetes: a review of the data since its introduction. Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy, 2011, 12(9): 1439–1451.
[5] Urbano, F., Farella, I., Brunetti, G., & Faienza, M. F. Pediatric Type 1 diabetes: Mechanisms and impact of technologies on comorbidities and life expectancy. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2023, 24(15): 11980.
[6] Pociot, F., & Lernmark, Å. Genetic risk factors for type 1 diabetes. The Lancet, 2016, 387(10035): 2331–2339.
[7] Rewers, M., & Ludvigsson, J. Environmental risk factors for type 1 diabetes. The Lancet, 2016, 387(10035): 2340–2348.
[8] Hay, D. L., Chen, S., Lutz, T. A., Parkes, D. G., & Roth, J. D. Amylin: Pharmacology, physiology, and clinical potential. Pharmacological Reviews, 2015, 67(3): 564–600.
[9] Eržen, S., Tonin, G., Eržen, D. J., & Klen, J. Amylin, another important neuroendocrine hormone for the treatment of diabesity. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2024, 25(3): 1517.
[10] AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP; Wilmington, DE 19850; Revised: February 2015.
[11] Whitehouse, F., Kruger, D. F., Fineman, M., Shen, L., Ruggles, J. A., Maggs, D. G., Weyer, C., & Kolterman, O. G. A randomized study and Open-Label extension evaluating the Long-Term efficacy of pramlintide as an adjunct to insulin therapy in Type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care, 2002, 25(4): 724–730.
[12] Ryan, G., Briscoe, T. A., & Jobe, L. Review of pramlintide as adjunctive therapy in treatment of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Drug Design Development and Therapy, 2008: 203.
[13] Hoogwerf, B. Pramlintide, the synthetic analogue of amylin: physiology, pathophysiology, and effects on glycemic control, body weight, and selected biomarkers of vascular risk. Vascular Health and Risk Management, 2008, 4: 355–362.
[14] Perkins, B. A., Rosenstock, J., Skyler, J. S., Laffel, L. M., Cherney, D. Z., Mathieu, C., Pang, C., Wood, R., Kinduryte, O., George, J. T., Marquard, J., & Soleymanlou, N. Exploring patient preferences for Adjunct-to-Insulin therapy in Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes Care, 2019, 42(9): 1716–1723.
[15] Qiao, Y., Ling, W., Pan, Y., Chen, Y., Zhou, D., Huang, Y., Zhang, X., & Zhao, H. Efficacy and safety of pramlintide injection adjunct to insulin therapy in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Oncotarget, 2017, 8(39): 66504–66515.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 by the authors.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
