Evaluation of the Regulatory Role of Circular RNA in Tumors and Its Application Value

Abstract

Cancer is a major challenge to public health in China. Its incidence and mortality rates are increasing year by year, and traditional treatment methods are facing limitations such as drug resistance and side effects. This year's research has found that circRNA plays an important role in tumorigenesis, metastasis and drug resistance by regulating mechanisms such as miRNA interaction networks, gene expression and cell cycles. Its stability and specificity make it a novel biomarker and therapeutic target. However, the standardization of circRNA detection techniques is insufficient, and its role in epigenetic regulation and the tumor microenvironment remains unclear. This article systematically analyzes the generation mechanism, functional diversity (such as molecular sponges, protein interactions, and encoded peptides) of circRNAs, as well as their application strategies in cancer treatment (such as exosome detection) and therapy (such as mesenchymal stem cell delivery), revealing the dynamic network by which they regulate tumor drug resistance and cellular metabolism. The research results provide a theoretical basis for the development of non-invasive diagnostic tools and targeted therapies. In the future, it is necessary to combine multi-group masking techniques and engineered delivery systems to break through the bottleneck of detection technology and explore the synergistic mechanism between circRNA and other ncRNAs, so as to promote the clinical transformation of precision cancer medicine.