Common Triggers of Oral Ulceration and Updated Clinical Treatment Options

Abstract

This study synthesizes existing literature to provide a comprehensive overview of oral ulceration, including its types, adverse impacts, contributing factors and practical management strategies. Oral ulceration encompasses diverse forms, with some being self-healing via the body’s immune system, while severe cases may lead to oral nerve damage and intense pain if left unaddressed. Its etiology is multifactorial, involving the interaction of multiple elements rather than single independent triggers. Key contributing factors include genetic predisposition, impaired immune function, psychological stress, infections by viruses, bacteria or fungi, poor oral hygiene, physical trauma, nutrient deficiencies and unhealthy lifestyles such as staying up late and low physical activity levels. For patients, core management measures include documenting individual triggers, maintaining oral hygiene, adhering to a balanced diet, managing stress and using medications rationally under medical guidance. This study aims to enhance public awareness of oral ulceration, equip individuals with knowledge to self-prevent and manage the condition and contribute to the popularization of oral health-related medical knowledge among the general public.