Application of CRISPR in the Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer

Abstract

As a highly invasive malignant tumor, pancreatic cancer (PC) has an increasing incidence rate and a long-term low 5-year survival rate. At present, CRISPR has been used in the research of PC to analyze the function of oncogenes, explore drug resistance mechanisms and develop treatment strategies. Most of them are in the stage of cell and animal experiments. However, there are still research gaps in tumor microenvironment penetration, low delivery efficiency in vivo, off target effects and treatment limitations caused by tumor heterogeneity. This article systematically reviews the CRISPR foundation, analyzes the pathogenesis of high-frequency mutant genes in PC, elaborates three major treatment strategies based on CRISPR, combs the progress of second-generation CRISPR, clarifies the current technical challenges, and proposes targeted vector development, high fidelity Cas protein application and other corresponding programs. This study provides a comprehensive reference for the clinical transformation of CRISPR in the field of PC, helping to break through the bottleneck of traditional treatment; However, the long-term safety of this technology in the human body still needs to be verified. Future research can rely on the third-generation CRISPR to optimize the targeted delivery system, explore the joint strategy with immunotherapy and chemotherapy, promote the technology to clinical implementation, and provide more accurate treatment schemes for PC patients.