The Implementation Application of CRISPR Gene-Editing Technology within CAR-T Strategies Targeting Solid Tumors

Abstract

With impressive clinical results, The management of hematologic malignancies has evolved as a result of CAR-T treatment. However, its application to solid tumors is restricted by immune-suppressive tumor milieus, antigenic heterogeneity, and insufficient persistence and infiltration of engineered T cells. CRISPR-Cas9, a versatile and precise genome-editing platform, offers new strategies to overcome these challenges through targeted modification of its products. This paper describes the mechanical properties and structural layout of CAR-T treatment, together with important obstacles in the context of solid tumors and CRISPR-driven engineering techniques meant to improve therapeutic efficacy. The development of universal CAR-T products for ready-to-use applications, metabolic reprogramming to adapt to nutrient-limited and hypoxic conditions, cytokine gene integration to support persistence and immune communication, and checkpoint receptor disruption to maintain T-cell activity are examples of representative strategies. Collectively, the convergence of CRISPR and CAR-T technologies enhances precision, durability, and broad applicability, positioning this combined strategy as a promising direction for next-generation immunotherapy against solid cancers.