Reevaluating Excipients in Pharmaceuticals

Authors

  • Ruoxi Li

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.61173/04tryy04

Keywords:

excipients, pharmaceutical chemistry, medicinal chemistry, toxicity of excipients, review

Abstract

Medications are extensively used in the present day. These medications primarily consist of two fundamental components: the active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) and the excipients. The API consists of an active element, and it’s responsible for therapeutic effects. Excipients, the significant component by mass, are considered the “inactive” ingredient that stabilizes the API in most cases. Excipients are used to be thought of as “inert” or “inactive.” However, recent research by Pottel et al. found that the excipients are active toward some targets. Thus, this review provides a summary of this research and explores its advantages and disadvantages.

References

[1] Goods, T. What ingredients are in my medicine? Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA). https://www. tga.gov.au/products/medicines/find-information-aboutmedicine/what-ingredients-are-my-medicine.

[2] Soni, V.; Jain, P.; Haider, T.; Pandey, V.; Tekade, R. K. Documentation Protocol in Product Development Including Clinical Records. Dosage Form Design Parameters 2018, 403–440.

[3] Pottel, J.; Armstrong, D.; Zou, L.; Fekete, A.; Huang, X.-P.; Torosyan, H.; Bednarczyk, D.; Whitebread, S.; Bhhatarai, B.; Liang, G.; Jin, H.; Ghaemi, S. N.; Slocum, S.; Lukacs, K. V.; Irwin, J. J.; Berg, E. L.; Giacomini, K. M.; Roth, B. L.; Shoichet, B. K.; Urban, L. The Activities of Drug Inactive Ingredients on Biological Targets. Science 2020, 369 (6502), 403–413.

[4] Trenkel, M.; Scherließ, R. Optimising Nasal Powder Drug Delivery – Characterisation of the Effect of Excipients on Drug Absorption. International Journal of Pharmaceutics 2023, 633, 122630.

[5] Shi, C.; Zhao, H.; Fang, Y.; Shen, L.; Zhao, L. Lactose in Tablets: Functionality, Critical Material Attributes, Applications, Modifications and Co-Processed Excipients. Drug Discovery Today 2023, 28 (9), 103696.

[6] Subramaniam, S.; Kamath, S.; Amin Ariaee; Prestidge, C.; Joyce, P. The Impact of Common Pharmaceutical Excipients on the Gut Microbiota. Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery 2023, 1–18.

[7] Panfil, C.; Chauchat, L.; Guerin, C.; Hayette Rebika; Sahyoun, M.; Schrage, N. Impact of Latanoprost Antiglaucoma Eyedrops and Their Excipients on Toxicity and Healing Characteristics in the Ex Vivo Eye Irritation Test System. Ophthalmology and therapy 2023, 12, 2641–2655.

Downloads

Published

2023-10-22