The Progress and Development Prospects of Targeted Therapy for Bone Malignancies

Abstract

Bone malignancy is a relatively uncommon type of tumor whose cause is not well understood, mainly affecting children and adolescents, and its cure rate and prognosis vary depending on the type of tumor. At present, targeted therapy is the latest research progress in bone malignancy, and some effective targets for the treatment of bone cancer have been confirmed through research, and a series of targeted drugs for specific targets have been developed and have been approved for marketing and achieved relatively good clinical efficacy. But the problems such as inhibiting the incidence of bone metastasis in other tumors and the side effects of some targeted drugs have not been effectively solved. This article reviews the recent research on the therapeutic targets of bone malignancies such as Glut-1, iNOS and RANKL, as well as the development of new targets such as PD-1/PD-L1. Glut-1 and iNOS are relatively complete, but there are few studies on the development of RANKL and PD-1/PD-L1, and their therapeutic mechanisms and efficacy lack sufficient theoretical evidence to support them. In addition, this article compares and reviews the efficacy of two common targeted drugs for bone malignancies, ibandronate sodium and zoledronic acid, and describes the development and research progress of the new targeted drug denosumab. The purpose of this article is to provide strong theoretical and data support for targeted therapy for bone malignancies in the future, but the impact of tumor microenvironment on targeted therapy and the side effects of targeted therapy have not been properly solved.