Neural circuit mechanism and influencing factors of time perception

Abstract

Human perception of time depends on the subjective structure of the individual, so everyone is different. However, the performance of these time perceptions is also affected by objective neurological factors, such as biological rhythm, cortical striatum circuit, and circadian rhythm. This research has summarized a small part of some factors that affect the human body’s time perception and looks for the connection between these factors. This research introduced how the pineal gland adjusts the biological rhythm through the received sunlight signal so that the biological rhythm of the body is consistent with the cycle of the environment. It introduced how the cortical striatum interacts with dopamine energy, and it can also explain how the coding reward prediction error (RPE) experiment proves that the cortical striatum and dopamine interaction helps us distinguish the difference between time intervals. Finally, this research introduced some areas of the brain that affect the circadian rhythm, including the prefrontal cortex, basal ganglion, and striatum, and induced the projection of dense parts from black matter. This research also introduced a mainstream neurological time perception model, and introduced through which brain areas the signal reaches the prefrontal cortex of the brain and finally makes “perception”. The introduction of time perception in this research is not comprehensive, and the topic of the role of the nervous system in time perception also needs to be studied in more depth.