Monoclonal Antibodies Targeting on HER2-positive Cancers

Abstract

Trastuzumab can be a therapeutic approach targeting cancers with high expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). The market demand for trastuzumab is high, but its large dosage and high price have led to the emergence of many biosimilars. As patents expire, other pharmaceutical companies can develop biosimilars, fostering competition, reducing costs, and increasing patient access to this important therapy. Therapeutic mechanisms of trastuzumab involve binding to the HER2 receptor, inhibiting cancer cell growth signal transduction, inducing antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, and potentially triggering effects such as cell cycle regulation and apoptosis, ultimately suppressing tumor growth. In clinical trials, ABP 980, CT-P6, and PF-05280014 all showed a high level of similarity as their reference drug, trastuzumab. In this review, the potential therapeutic clinical applications of biosimilars are supported by clinical trials through their high similarity to the reference drug, encompassing similarities in safety, structure, efficacy, and mechanism of action. These similarities contribute to the success of biosimilars for patients.