Comparative Study on Pigment Components (Flavonols and Anthocyanins) and Antioxidant Capacity in Different Colored Double-petal Lotus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61173/tr2d3z62Keywords:
Nelumbo, flower color, antioxidant activity, flavonoidsAbstract
Lotus, an edible flower with high ornamental values, takes forms in many sizes, shapes, and colors. Among which, double-petal lotus not only has higher ornamental values but also gives a yield advantage in exploitation due to the large number of petals. Flower color is an important ornamental indicator, and flavonoids are the key basis for color presentation as well as important active components in lotus. This research used petals of four different colored double-petal lotus cultivars to identify their petal color, pigment localization, and pigment components (flavonols and anthocyanins), as well as the antioxidant activity of the petal extraction solution using the ABTS method. It was discovered that the white YMQ was the brightest but had the lowest Chroma and the third-highest Hue angle, while the dark red WFMH was the darkest but had both the highest Chroma and Hue angle. Most of the colored pigments were located in all the thin-walled cells immediately adjacent to both the upper and lower epidermis. The yellow MLQS had the highest amount of Quercetin derivatives in flavonols but the lowest antioxidant activity, the dark red WFMH had the highest amount of anthocyanin, and the pink MDZ had the highest antioxidant activity. This research offers insights into the potential medical usage of certain double-petal lotus cultivars like MLQS and WFMH, hopefully providing a reference for the identification of raw materials for extracting pigments to improve sleep patterns and prevent Alzheimer’s Disease.
References
Chen, S., Xiang, Y., Deng, J., Liu, Y., & Li, S. (2013). Simultaneous Analysis of Anthocyanin and Non-Anthocyanin Flavonoid in Various Tissues of Different Lotus (Nelumbo) Cultivars by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MSn. PLoS ONE, 8(4), e62291. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0062291
Chinese Pharmacopoeia Commission., 2020. Pharmacopoeia the Peopleís Republic of China, 2020 ed. China Medico- Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Publishing House, Beijing.
Cho, B., Yin, H. , Park, S., Byun, E., Ha, H., & Jang, I. (2016). Anti-inflammatory activity of myricetin from Diospyros lotus through suppression of NF-κB and STAT1 activation and Nrf2- mediated HO-1 induction in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry, 80(8), 1520–1530. https://doi.org/10.1080/091684 51.2016.1171697 Deng, J., Chen, S., Yin, X., Wang, K., Liu, Y., Li, S., & Yang,
P. (2013). Systematic qualitative and quantitative assessment of anthocyanins, flavones and flavonols in the petals of 108 lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) cultivars. Food Chemistry, 139(1-4), 307– 312. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.02.010
Kim, S., Hong, K. B., Jo, K., & Suh, H. J. (2021). Quercetin- 3-O-glucuronide in the ethanol extract of lotus leaf (Nelumbo nucifera) enhances sleep quantity and quality in a rodent model via a GABAergic mechanism. Molecules, 26(10), 3023. https:// doi.org/10.3390/molecules26103023
Liu, Q., Wang, L., & Zhang, D. (2023). Characterization of the phytochemical content, antioxidant activity and inhibition capacity against α-glucosidase of different flower parts of seven lotuses (Nelumbo). Scientia Horticulturae, 316, 112007. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2023.112007 Liu, Q., Zhang, D., Liu, F., Liu, Z., Wang, X., Yang, Y., Li,
S., Li, H., Tian, D., & Wang, L. (2023). Quercetin-derivatives painting the yellow petals of American lotus (Nelumbo lutea) and enzymatic basis for their accumulation. Horticultural Plant Journal, 9(1), 169–182. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.hpj.2022.02.001
SkrajdaBrdak, M., Dąbrowski, G., & Konopka, I. (2020). Edible flowers, a source of valuable phytonutrients and their prohealthy effects – A review. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 103, 179–199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2020.06.016 Temviriyanukul, P., Sritalahareuthai, V., Promyos, N., Thangsiri, S., Pruesapan, K., Srinuanchai, W., Nuchuchua, O., Siriwan, D.,
On-nom, N., & Suttisansanee, U. (2020). The effect of sacred lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) and Its mixtures on phenolic profiles, antioxidant activities, and inhibitions of the key enzymes relevant to Alzheimer’s Disease. Molecules, 25(16). https://doi. org/10.3390/molecules25163713 Wang, X., Li, B., Sun, S., Liu, Q., Zhu, J., Zhou, X., Zhang,
H., Wu, Q., & Wang, L. (2023). Analysis of proanthocyanidins and flavonols in the seedpods of Chinese Antique Lotus: A rich source of antioxidants. Food Chemistry, 415, 135756. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135756 Yin, D., Yuan, R., Wu, Q., Li, S. S., Shao, S., Xu, Y. J., Hao, X.
H., & Wang, L. S. (2015). Assessment of flavonoids and volatile compounds in tea infusions of water lily flowers and their antioxidant activities. Food Chemistry, 187, 20–28. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.04.032 Yoshida, K., Miki, N., Momonoi, K., Kawachi, M., Katou, K.,
Okazaki, Y., et al.(2009). Synchrony between flower opening and petal-color change from red to blue in morning glory Ipomoea tricolor cv. heavenly blue. Proc. Jpn. Acad. Ser.B 85, 187-197. https://doi: 10.2183/pjab.85.187
Zhao, D., & Tao, J. (2015). Recent advances on the development and regulation of flower color in ornamental plants. Frontiers in Plant Science, 6(1664-462X). https://doi.org/10.3389/ fpls.2015.00261
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 by the authors.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
