CRISPR-Cas9 and its Application in the Fields of Medics

Abstract

Gene editing technology has become a prominent objective within the fields of medical research, the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-associated protein 9 (CRISPR-Cas9) is one particular technology that has already been practiced in a set of clinical trials, which produced a satisfying result that have demonstrated its potential to be applied to a great range of treatments. CRISPR-Cas9 was derived from bacterial defense system, and has been applied in the field of medical research. For instance, the research practice of using CAR-T cells by CAR-T Therapy, and genetically modifying DNA strands to remove cancerous or mutated sequences. This research has great chance to promote treatments associated with genetic modification and provide new hope for patients in the future. Nevertheless, this technology is still immature, due to its potential drawbacks. Most researchers are still focusing on practices of CRISPR-Cas9 on animal models or isolated somatic cells. This article draws attention on different treatments of CRISPR-Cas9 and provides evaluation and suggestions as a reference for future practices of this technology. Overall, there are two discoveries of advancement to the CRISPR-Cas9 mechanism: modification to the guide RNA that improves the accuracy, and applying high-fidelity Cas9 protein variants to enhance its comprehensive accuracy.